Haffner's Service Stations, Inc. - Page 18




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                    The Board of Directors may, however, waive these                  
               provisions in any particular instance.                                 
               During petitioner’s audit, respondent issued an information            
          document request (IDR) to Goertz, in his capacity as petitioner’s           
          authorized representative, asking him to state petitioner’s                 
          reason for accumulating earnings.  Goertz responded that the                
          accumulation related to the family lawsuit.                                 
                                       OPINION                                        
          1.  Compensation                                                            
               We decide first whether section 162(a)(1) allows petitioner            
          to deduct as reasonable compensation the bonuses paid to Emile              
          and Louise.  Respondent determined that petitioner was not                  
          entitled to deduct those bonuses under section 162(a)(1) because            
          they were not “reasonable”.  Petitioner argues that the bonuses             
          were reasonable under the independent investor test set forth by            
          the Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in Exacto Spring               
          Corp. v. Commissioner, 196 F.3d 833, 835 (7th Cir. 1999), revg.             
          Heitz v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1998-220.  Petitioner argues              
          that the bonuses also were reasonable under the multifactor test            
          set forth by the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in                  
          Elliotts, Inc. v. Commissioner, 716 F.2d 1241, 1245-1248 (9th               
          Cir. 1983), revg. and remanding T.C. Memo. 1980-282.  Petitioner            
          argues it paid the bonuses to Emile and Louise also intending to            
          compensate them for past services.                                          







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