- 33 -                                         
          of costs between:  (1) Activities subject to that section (either           
          taxpayer-produced property and property held for resale or long-            
          term contracts); and (2) “other activities”.  See secs. 1.263A-             
          1(e)(3)(i), 1.451-3(d)(6)(ii), Income Tax Regs.  Neither section            
          provides a definition of “reasonable allocation.”23  See secs.              
          1.263A-1(e)(3)(i), 1.451-3(d)(6)(ii), Income Tax Regs.  Because             
          the rules for the first level allocation are the same, the result           
          will not differ depending on which section is applied first, as             
          respondent contends.  Instead, the rules can be applied                     
          simultaneously to a first level allocation.                                 
               After the first level allocation is complete, costs will be            
          separated between long-term contracts, taxpayer-produced property           
          or property held for resale, and if applicable, other property              
          not subject to either section.  For the second level allocations,           
          section 1.263A-1(f) and (g), Income Tax Regs., will govern all              
          costs previously allocated to the taxpayer-produced property or             
          property held for resale.  Section 1.451-3(d)(8)(iv), Income Tax            
          Regs., will govern all costs previously allocated to the long-              
          term contracts.                                                             
               As applicable to the instant case, in its first level                  
          allocation, Qwest must make a “reasonable allocation” of indirect           
          costs between its customer contracts and its retained assets.               
               23  Respondent contends that the reasonableness standard               
          found in sec. 1.263A-1(f)(4), Income Tax Regs., should apply to             
          the first level of allocation.  This argument is addressed infra.           
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