Appeal No. 95-4089
Application 08/090,073
includes acids with and without unsaturated bonds. Maleic
acid is a cis-isomer form of a dicarboxylic acid having a
double bond:14
HOOC)CH4CH)COOH.
53. A person having ordinary skill in the art would
recognize that maleic acid has long been a readily available
commercial product, often sold in the form of maleic anhydride
(which upon mixing with water turns to maleic acid). See
Heit, col. 2, line 59-61; Kirk-Othmer, Vol. 14, page 784.
54. A person having ordinary skill in the art would
have recognized that the pH of an acid-containing cleaning
composition could be in the range of 1 to 4 (Thomas, col. 8,
lines 36-37).
55. A person having ordinary skill in the art would
have recognized that the pH can be adjusted "to produce the
desired pH in the emulsion, for greatest functional
effectiveness, with safety" (Thomas, col. 4, lines 6-8).
56. Cook also reveals what a person having ordinary
skill in the art would have appreciated with respect to
adjustment of the pH (Cook, col. 7, lines 5-13):
Wertheim, page 263.14
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