Ex parte KNIFFIN et al. - Page 14




          Appeal No. 96-1657                                                          
          Application 07/819,345                                                      


          this suggestion justifies that it would have been obvious, to               
          one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention,              
          to use radio transmission between the transmitters and the                  
          receiver stations in place of the infrared signals.  This is                
          so because the prior art need not show each and every element               
          of the invention.  Additionally, we observe that an artisan                 
          must be presumed to know something about the art apart from                 
          what the                                                                    




          references disclose (see In re Jacoby, 309 F.2d 513, 516, 135               
          USPQ 317, 319 (CCPA 1962)) and the conclusion of obviousness                
          may be made from "common knowledge and common sense" of the                 
          person of ordinary skill in the art (see In re Bozek, 416 F.2d              
          1385, 1390, 163 USPQ 545, 549 (CCPA 1969)).  Moreover, skill                
          is presumed on the part of those practicing in the art.  See                
          In re Sovish, 769 F.2d 738, 743, 226 USPQ 771, 774 (Fed. Cir.               
          1985).                                                                      
               Thus, we conclude that the obviousness rejection of claim              
          1 over White is proper.                                                     
               With respect to claim 2, White shows the receiver station              
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