Ex parte BOUTAGHOU - Page 8




          Appeal No. 2000-0617                                                        
          Application 08/706,025                                                      
          supported entirely by a single ball at one end of the rotor                 
          and a single ball at the other end of the rotor, e.g. with no               
          intermediate bearing.  (Finding 9).  The examiner has failed                
          to sufficiently demonstrate why one of ordinary skill in the                
          art would have arrived at the claimed invention based on the                
          combination of Nagata and Nakagawa, despite Nagata teaching                 
          that a single ball bearing is not desirable for its stated                  
          purpose, e.g. to eliminate an intermediate bearing.  It has                 
          not been sufficiently demonstrated why a person of ordinary                 
          skill, upon reading the Nagata reference, would not be led in               
          a direction divergent from the path that was taken by the                   
          applicant.                                                                  
               In the Answer, the examiner argues that “the general term              
          pivot bearing would suggest to a person skilled in the art                  
          that other pivot bearings may be incorporated to achieve the                
          desired goal.”  (Answer at 7).  While this ordinarily may be                
          true, here the Nagata reference actually discourages using a                
          single ball pivot bearing.  Therefore, why would one of                     
          ordinary skill in the art want to incorporate the type of                   
          bearing that Nagata expressly states that it does not want to               
          use?  The test under 35 U.S.C. § 103 is whether the teachings               
          of the prior art, taken as a whole, would have made obvious                 
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