Ex parte LIVINGSTON - Page 6




          Appeal No. 1996-1224                                                        
          Application 08/292,184                                                      



          recitation is seen to be a mere substitution of one known fat               
          composition for another in the manufacture of an edible spread              
          composition."  See the Examiner's Answer at page 4.  However,               
          as emphasized by appellant (Reply Brief, page 3), such a                    
          substitution "would not give the applicant's spread."  As                   
          appellant explains in the Reply Brief, Gollan mentions a                    
          variety of fat compositions which consist of animal fat such                
          as lard, and suet (beef fat and mutton fat in 50/50 ratio),                 
          while the appealed claims define an edible spread                           
          characterized by its freedom from animal fat.                               
                    The examiner also erred by dismissing the N-line                  
          values recited in the appealed claims as merely                             
          "characteristic to margarine type spreads."  See the                        
          examiner's answer at pages 4 and 5.  The examiner offers no                 
          evidentiary support for this conclusory statement.  Indeed,                 
          appellant contends that margarines                                          


          and spreads on the market have N-line values significantly                  
          different from that of the claimed spread.  See the reply                   
          brief at page 2.                                                            

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