Appeal No. 1996-3470
Application 08/313,179
steel, galvanized steel, alloy-galvanized steel, aluminum and
aluminum alloys which comprises contacting the surface with a
phosphating solution containing
a) zinc ions 0.2 to 2 g/1;
b) copper ions 0.5 to 25 mg/1;
c) phosphate ions 5 to 30 g/1 (expressed as P 0 ); and
2 5
d) at least one member selected from the group consisting of
hydroxylamine salts, hydroxylamine complexes and hydroxylamine in
a quantity of 500 to 5,000 ppm of hydroxylamine, based on the
phosphating solution;
e) manganese ion 0.1 to 5g/1.
The references of record relied upon by the examiner are:
Kramer 4,865,653 Sep. 12,
1989
Müller et al. (Müller) 5,236,565 Aug. 17,
1993
Gehmecker et al. (Gehmecker) 5,268,041 Dec.
7, 1993
The appealed claims stand rejected under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as
unpatentable over Gehmecker in view of Müller and/or Kramer.
We sustain the stated rejections essentially for the reasons
advanced by the examiner in the answer. We add the following
comments for emphasis.
The subject matter on appeal is directed to a process for
the production of copper-containing nickel-free phosphate
coatings on metal surfaces such as steel, galvanized steel, or
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