Appeal No. 1996-3470
Application 08/313,179
compound component requirement for appellants' phosphating
solution.
With respect to this claimed deficiency in the Gehmecker
“primary reference,” the examiner accurately observes that Kramer
teaches the addition of hydroxylamine compounds to zinc phosphate
compositions for the purpose of altering the morphology of the
coating. Thus, Kramer indicates that the use of a hydroxylamine
agent in a zinc phosphate-type conversion coating solution when
present in sufficient quantities alters the morphology of the
resulting coating from a platelet form to either a columnar
and/or nodular form. See Kramer at column 3, lines 62 through
68. Moreover, Kramer points out that the columnar and nodular
configurations are generally preferred for paint base
applications because they enhance the adhesion of the paint to
the phosphated surface. See Kramer at column 1, lines 58 through
62. Additionally, Kramer indicates the columnar and nodular
coatings are also lower in coating weight which is beneficial
when cathodic electropainting is to be employed. See column 1,
lines 63 through 65 of Kramer. Kramer further indicates that the
presence of an hydroxylamine agent increases the maximum
permissible zinc to phosphate ratio to the phosphating bath which
is an important advantage because it provides for an expanded
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