Ex parte MURATA et al. - Page 6




          Appeal No. 1998-0158                                       Page 6           
          Application No. 08/427,587                                                  


          With these in mind, we address the following issues:                        
               •    obviousness over Yohda in view of Nanba                           
               •    obviousness over Yohda in view of Takeshita.                      
          We first address the obviousness of the claims over Yohda in                
          view of Nanba.                                                              


                       Obviousness over Yohda in view of Nanba                        
               The appellants make the following argument.                            
               [T]he Examiner is completely changing the method of                    
               Yohda to one that is not close to being that                           
               disclosed by Yohda.  There is insufficient                             
               motivation to do so from JP 93028 [i.e., Nanba], as                    
               the reference recognizes no problem in the process                     
               of Yohda, and suggests no significant advantage to                     
               employing the method of JP 93028 ....  (Appeal Br.                     
               at 18.)                                                                
          The examiner replies, “the Difference section suggested                     
          deformation of a specified part of the head plate in order to               
          adjust the position of a head mounted at the end of a head                  
          base ....”  (Examiner’s Answer at 7.)                                       


               The examiner misconstrues the criteria for combining                   
          references.  “Obviousness may not be established using                      
          hindsight or in view of the teachings or suggestions of the                 
          inventor.”  Para-Ordnance Mfg. v. SGS Importers Int’l, 73 F.3d              







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