Ex Parte MANNAVA et al - Page 12



          Appeal No. 2000-0178                                                        
          Application 08/686,630                                                      

          processed surface thereof (col. 4, lines 3-10). While the                   
          patentee mentions in column 15, lines 13-15, that such processing           
          can be useful with non-metals such as ceramics and polymers as              
          well as with metals, we observe that in column 13, lines 45-50,             
          it is specifically indicated that the target (11) “typically                
          comprises at least one metal, alloy, intermetallic compound, or             
          other metallic material” (emphasis added). The laser processing             
          disclosed in Epstein (‘957) appears to be identical to that                 
          broadly set forth in appellants’ claims 11 through 13, 15 and 16            
          on appeal. See particularly, columns 16 and 17 of Epstein (‘957),           
          wherein the target surface to be processed (e.g., an                        
          intermetallic target) is coated with an ablative layer (26) of,             
          for example, paint and then provided with a confining medium in             
          the form of flowing water forming a flowing fluid curtain over              
          the coated surface, and then subjected to the firing of a laser             
          beam on the coated surface with sufficient power to vaporize the            
          ablative layer and form a region in the intermetallic body having           
          compressive residual stresses imparted by the laser beam pulsing            
          such that the region extends into the intermetallic body from the           
          laser shock processed surface. The use of multiple laser pulses             
          to achieve a given level of residual stresses and the use of                
          overlapping pulses to permit treatment of larger surface areas is           
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