BRAKE v. SINGH - Page 26




                Interference 102,728                                                                                                          
                vector (M13), modifying the DNA-containing vector with an oligonucleotide primer which                                        
                lacks the codons encoding the glu-ala residues of the " factor spacer region, screening                                       
                the vectors with the oligonucleotide primer to isolate a clone having desired                                                 
                modification, and sequencing said clone.  These were all routine and predictable                                              
                procedures in genetic engineering.19  In addition, we find that the level of skill in the field                               
                of molecular genetics at the relevant time was very high and that those having ordinary                                       
                skill in the art would have been able to use techniques then known in the art to make                                         
                Brake’s described n=0 construct.  Thus, we find that the disclosure of the “n=0” DNA                                          
                construct in Brake 1, in combination with routine techniques and knowledge generally                                          
                available in the art, would have enabled those skilled in the art of genetic engineering to                                   
                make a species within the scope of Count 1 without undue experimentation at the time                                          
                the application was filed.                                                                                                    
                         Dr. Tekamp-Olson describes a known alternative method for making a species                                           
                within the scope of the count which involves the use of the enzyme Bal 31 to remove                                           
                the sequence encoding the DPAP A (the glu-ala residues of the " factor spacer                                                 
                sequence) site from a vector (pAB112) disclosed in Brake 1.  Tekamp-Olson                                                     
                Declaration, pp. 3-4, para. 5b; see also, para. 14 on p. 11, above.  According to Dr.                                         
                Tekamp-Olson, this method of modifying DNA was known by those skilled in the art in                                           
                January, 1983.  Id.                                                                                                           


                         19 We point out that several of the techniques described by Dr. Tekamp-Olson;                                        
                viz., digestion of DNA with known restriction enzymes, subcloning into a vector,                                              
                screening with a synthetic oligonucleotide, are described on pp. 12-15 of Brake 1.                                            
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