Appeal No. 1998-3320
Application 08/417,017
exemplified pigment particle size range of less than 15 Fm
(specification, examples 1-6), it reasonably appears that
Tsunaga’s particles can function as conductive pigment
particles.
Tsunaga’s teaching that the copper particles can be
partly coated with the silver material and that the titanate
coupling agent can be combined to the copper particles and/or
the silver material (col. 2, lines 6-10; col. 3, lines 31-36)
indicates that the titanate coupling agent can be reacted with
the silver portion of the conductive particles without being
reacted with the copper portion and, therefore, can partly
coat the conductive particles.
Tsunaga does not state that the electrical conductance of
the surface modified particles can be 80% or less than that of
the uncoated particles. However, a comparison of Tsunaga’s
comparative example 3, wherein no titanate coupling agent is
used, and examples 3 and 4, wherein, respectively, 0.1 wt%
and 0.5 wt% titanate coupling agent are used, other variables
in comparative example 3 and examples 3 and 4 being the same,
shows that the addition of the titanate coupling agent to
particles increased the cured film primary stage specific
4
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