Ex Parte BRUNER et al - Page 3


         Appeal No. 2000-0698                                                       
         Application No. 08/960,694                                                 

              The examiner relies on the following prior art reference as           
         evidence of unpatentability:                                               
         Regenstein              4,411,142           Oct. 25, 1983                 
              Claims 9 and 10 on appeal stand rejected under 35 U.S.C.              
         § 102(b) as anticipated by Regenstein.  (Examiner’s answer of              
         Nov. 29, 1999, pages 3-8.)                                                 
              We reverse this rejection.                                            
              “To anticipate a claim, a prior art reference must disclose           
         every limitation of the claimed invention, either explicitly or            
         inherently.”  In re Schreiber, 128 F.3d 1473, 1477, 44 USPQ2d              
         1429, 1431 (Fed. Cir. 1997).  Here, it is our judgment that                
         Regenstein does not describe every limitation of the claimed               
         invention, either explicitly or inherently.                                
              We first note that appealed claim 9 recites "product-by-              
         process" limitations.  Thus, "product-by-process" claim                    
         interpretation principles apply.  Specifically, the                        
         patentability of the recited product must be adjudged on the               
         product itself, not on the process by which it is made; that is,           
         the recited product would be unpatentable over a prior art                 
         product that is indistinguishable in terms of structure, even if           
         the prior art product is made by a different process.  In re               
         Thorpe, 777 F.2d 695, 697, 227 USPQ 964, 966 (Fed. Cir. 1985).             


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