through the selective semi-permeable membrane. Pare' has not presented evidence or argument
showing that the ideal gas equation may be relied upon to adequately predict the behavior of such
a system.
Par& also relies on Wennerstrum and Ganzler to suggest or teach the application of reduced
pressure during the application of microwaves.
With respect to Ganzler, Par6 does not argue that Ganzler expressly teaches the use of
reduced pressure while microwaves are being applied. Rather, it is asserted that the references
inherently disclose using reduced pressure. The argument supporting inherency is the same as relied
upon with respect to the Par6 patents -that Ganzler's description of repeated application of
microwaves to a material in a closed container and the ideal gas equation indicate the intermittent
application of reduced pressure. Our reasoning as to why the Par6 patents do not inherently descr ibe
the use of reduced pressure during the application of microwaves applies with equal force to the
Ganzler publication. Ganzler teaches a microwave extraction process in which samples ofbiological
materials are ground, suspended in a solvent, sealed in screw-cap vials, and subject to repeated
cycles of thirty seconds of microwave radiation and cooling to room temperature. The suspension
was not allowed to boil during irradiation. The suspensions were then centrifuged and the liquid
portion analyzed. As with the Par6 patents, Par6 has not presented arguments or evidence showing
the ideal gas equation is suitable to predict the behavior of the gases in a complex system including
gas, liquid and solvent described by Ganzler.
Par6 also relies on Wennerstrurn as teaching the intermittent application of reduced pressure
limitation. Wennerstrum relates to processes and apparatus for microwave vacuum drying. The
patent teaches a method including the steps of placing the product to be dried in a container, placing
the container and product into a chamber, pulling a vacuum in the chamber and applying microwaves
to the product until drying is completed. P. Ex. 2004, col. 13,11. 11-38. The vacuum in the chamber
is maintained at a constant reduced pressure using a dual valve or a diaphragm system. The valves
are operated so as to consistently maintain the desired vacuum in the chamber. P. Ex. 2004, col. 7,
11. 42-68. Par6 argues that the step of intermittently applying reduced pressure within the enclosure
is inherently taught by Wennerstrum. Referring specifically of Column 7, lines 42-63 of
Wennerstrurn Par& specifically argues that
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