Ex Parte KRAUS - Page 27



             Appeal No. 2005-0841                                                                                 
             Application No. 08/230,083                                                                           

                    62 S. Ct. 513 ("By the amendment [the patentee]                                               
                    recognized and emphasized the difference between the                                          
                    two phrases and proclaimed his abandonment of all that                                        
                    is embraced in that difference").  There are some                                             
                    cases, however, where the amendment cannot reasonably                                         
                    be viewed as surrendering a particular equivalent.  The                                       
                    equivalent may have been unforeseeable at the time of                                         
                    the application; the rationale underlying the amendment                                       
                    may bear no more than a tangential relation to the                                            
                    equivalent in question; or there may be some other                                            
                    reason suggesting that the patentee could not                                                 
                    reasonably be expected to have described the                                                  
                    insubstantial substitute in question.  In those cases                                         
                    the patentee can overcome the presumption that                                                
                    prosecution history estoppel bars a finding of                                                
                    equivalence (emphasis added).                                                                 
                                                      ***                                                         
                    When the patentee has chosen to narrow a claim, courts                                        
                    may presume the amended text was composed with                                                
                    awareness of this rule and that the territory                                                 
                    surrendered is not an equivalent of the territory                                             
                    claimed.  In those instances, however, the patentee                                           
                    still might rebut the presumption that estoppel bars a                                        
                    claim of equivalence.  The patentee must show that at                                         
                    the time of the amendment one skilled in the art could                                        
                    not reasonably be expected to have drafted a claim that                                       
                    would have literally encompassed the alleged equivalent                                       
                    (emphasis added).                                                                             
                    The same policy considerations that prevent a patentee from                                   
             urging equivalents within what the Supreme Court refers to as                                        
             "surrendered territory" should prima facie prohibit the patentee                                     
             from being able to claim subject matter within the surrendered                                       
             territory in reissue.  Accordingly, the "surrendered subject                                         
             matter" that may not be recaptured through reissue should be                                         
             presumed to include subject matter broader than the patent claims                                    


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