Ex Parte Litwin - Page 11



            Appeal 2007-0635                                                                               
            Application 10/176,598                                                                         

            proportional to a popularity metric based on how long a media file has been played             
            because the Ward popularity metric operates in a way similar to that claimed in                
            those instances where a set of media files consists of some media files having not             
            been played at all and the rest having been played to completion. Claim 2 does not             
            limit applying the metric to any particular set of media files, and thus covers the            
            aforementioned situation where some media files in a set of media files have not               
            been played at all while the rest have been played to completion.  Accordingly, the            
            subject matter claim of 2 overlaps that which Ward discloses, thus encompassing                
            obvious subject matter.                                                                        
                  Regarding the argument that Ward does not teach the “a total amount of                   
            playback time”, again, the claim calls for popularity metrics proportional to a total          
            amount of playback time that a user plays back a media file. It is not essential in            
            meeting the claim that the prior art teach “a total amount of playback time”. All              
            that is necessary to meet the claim is that the prior art shows using a popularity             
            metric which performs relatively the same way. And, in that regard, we find Ward               
            does precisely that in some instances.                                                         

                  E. CONCLUSION OF LAW                                                                     
                  On the record before us, Appellants have failed to show that the Examiner                
            erred in rejecting claims 2, 4-9, and 12-16 over the prior art.                                

            II. CLAIM 10                                                                                   
                  Claim 10 reads as follows:                                                               

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