Thomas E. and Joan A. Bennett - Page 33

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          taxpayers claim tax benefits that are disallowed on grounds                 
          separate and independent from alleged valuation overstatements,             
          the resulting underpayments of tax are not regarded as                      
          attributable to valuation overstatements.  Krause v.                        
          Commissioner, 99 T.C. 132, 179 (1992) (citing Todd v.                       
          Commissioner, supra), affd. sub nom. Hildebrand v. Commissioner,            
          28 F.3d 1024 (10th Cir. 1994).  However, when valuation is an               
          integral factor in disallowing deductions and credits, section              
          6659 is applicable.  See Illes v. Commissioner, 982 F.2d 163, 167           
          (6th Cir. 1992), affg. T.C. Memo. 1991-449; Gilman v.                       
          Commissioner, 933 F.2d 143, 151 (2d Cir. 1991), affg. T.C. Memo.            
          1989-684 (section 6659 addition to tax applies if a finding of              
          lack of economic substance is "due in part" to a valuation                  
          overstatement); Masters v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1994-197;               
          Harness v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1991-321.                               
               In the respective stipulations of settled issues,                      
          petitioners conceded that they "are not entitled to any                     
          deductions, losses, investment credits, business energy                     
          investment credits, or any other tax benefits claimed on their              
          tax returns as a result of their participation in the Plastics              
          Recycling Program."  In Todd v. Commissioner, supra, and McCrary            
          v. Commissioner, supra, we denied application of section 6659,              
          even though the subject property was overvalued, because the                
          related deductions and credits had been conceded or denied in               
          their entirety on other grounds.  In Todd, we found that an                 




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