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          almost identical to the Partnership transactions in these                   
          consolidated cases, was a sham because it lacked economic                   
          substance and a business purpose, (3) upheld the section 6659               
          addition to tax for valuation overstatement since the                       
          underpayment of taxes was directly related to the overstatement             
          of the value of the Sentinel EPE recyclers, and (4) held that               
          losses and credits claimed with respect to Clearwater were                  
          attributable to tax-motivated transactions within the meaning of            
          section 6621(c).  In reaching the conclusion that the transaction           
          lacked economic substance and a business purpose, this Court                
          relied heavily upon the overvaluation of the Sentinel EPE                   
          recyclers.                                                                  
               Although petitioners have not agreed to be bound by the                
          Provizer opinion, they have stipulated that the investments in              
          the Sentinel EPE recyclers in these cases are similar to the                
          investment described in Provizer v. Commissioner, supra.  The               
          underlying transactions in these consolidated cases, and the                
          Sentinel EPE recyclers considered in these cases, are the same              
          type of transaction and same type of machine considered in                  
          Provizer v. Commissioner, supra.                                            
               Based on the entire records in these cases, including the              
          extensive stipulations, testimony of respondent's experts, and              
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