Robert D. and Patricia K. Kaliban, et al. - Page 57

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            Commissioner, 902 F.2d 380 (5th Cir. 1990), revg. T.C. Memo.                              
            1988-408; Gainer v. Commissioner, 893 F.2d 225 (9th Cir. 1990),                           
            affg. T.C. Memo. 1988-416; McCrary v. Commissioner, supra; and                            
            Todd v. Commissioner, supra.                                                              
                  Petitioners' argument rests on the mistaken premise that our                        
            holding herein that the Partnership transactions lacked economic                          
            substance was separate and independent from the overvaluation of                          
            the Sentinel EPE recyclers.  To the contrary, in holding that the                         
            Partnership transactions lacked economic substance, we relied                             
            heavily upon the overvaluation of the recyclers.  Overvaluation                           
            of the recyclers was an integral factor in regard to:  (1) The                            
            disallowed tax credits and other benefits in these cases; (2) the                         
            underpayments of tax; and (3) our finding that the Partnership                            
            transactions lacked economic substance.                                                   
                  Petitioners argue that in Provizer v. Commissioner, T.C.                            
            Memo. 1992-177, we found that the Clearwater transaction lacked                           
            economic substance for reasons independent of the valuation                               
            reported in that case.  According to petitioners, the purported                           
            value of the recyclers in the Clearwater transaction was                                  
            predicated upon a projected stream of royalty income, and this                            
            Court merely rejected the taxpayers' valuation method.                                    
            Petitioners misread and distort our Provizer opinion.  In the                             
            Provizer case, overvaluation of the Sentinel EPE recyclers,                               
            irrespective of the technique employed by the taxpayers in their                          






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