Armin Unger - Page 12




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          would expose his criminal activity to other law enforcement                  
          agencies.  We do not find petitioner’s testimony in this regard              
          to be truthful.  Indeed, petitioner’s plea of guilty to tax                  
          evasion for 1989 and his admissions in his plea agreement belie              
          his argument.                                                                
               Petitioner’s plea agreement in part states:                             
               (2) he made an affirmative attempt to evade that tax by                 
               failing to file an income tax return and pay the taxes                  
               owing for that year and by engaging in the following                    
               affirmative acts alleged in the information, namely –-                  
               dealing extensively in cash and money orders, using                     
               nominees to make certain expenditures, and structuring                  
               a currency transaction in excess of $10,000 to avoid                    
               the filing of a currency transaction report; and                        
               (3) he acted willfully and with the intent to defraud                   
               the government of the additional unreported taxes.                      
               Unger also acknowledges that he engaged in similar                      
               relevant criminal conduct with respect to his 1987 and                  
               1990 income taxes.  [Emphasis added.]                                   
          Petitioner’s admission that he engaged in similar criminal                   
          conduct with respect to the 1987 and 1990 tax years, along with              
          the other evidence, is sufficiently clear and convincing that                
          petitioner’s understatements of tax for 1987 and 1990 were due to            
          fraud and that his failure to file returns for those years was               
          fraudulent.                                                                  
               The same pattern of fraud existed both before and after the             
          1988 tax year.  Petitioner admitted to illegal narcotics                     
          trafficking, conducted his business almost exclusively in cash,              
          used aliases, kept and produced no records of his transactions,              






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