- 38 -                                         
                  *       *       *       *       *       *       *                   
                              (B) with respect to which a return, if                  
                         required--                                                   
                                   (i) was not filed; * * *                           
               In the instant case, respondent did not process and file as            
          tax returns the 1996 Form 1040 and the 1997 Form 1040A which                
          respondent received from petitioners and in which petitioners               
          reported total income of $0 and total tax of $0.  That was                  
          because respondent determined that those documents were                     
          frivolous.6  An individual debtor is not discharged in a                    
          bankruptcy proceeding from a debt for tax with respect to which a           
          return is not filed.  11 U.S.C. sec. 523(a)(1)(B)(i).  On the               
          record before us, we find that pursuant to 11 U.S.C. sec.                   
          523(a)(1)(B)(i) the U.S. Bankruptcy Court did not discharge                 
          petitioners from their unpaid liability for 1996 and petitioners’           
          unpaid liability for 1997.                                                  
               Based upon our examination of the entire record before us,             
          we find that respondent did not abuse respondent’s discretion in            
          determining to proceed with the collection action as determined             
          in the notice of determination with respect to petitioners’                 
          taxable years 1996, 1997, and 1999.                                         
               Although respondent does not ask the Court to impose a                 
               6We have recently observed:  “The majority of courts,                  
          including this Court, have held that, generally, a return that              
          contains only zeros is not a valid return.”  Cabirac v.                     
          Commissioner, 120 T.C. 163, 169 (2003).                                     
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