- 21 -                                         
          (Thornton, J., concurring).  “The legislative history of APA                
          section 703 makes clear that where there is a special statutory             
          review proceeding relevant to the subject matter, that special              
          statutory review ‘shall not be disturbed’.”  Ewing v.                       
          Commissioner, supra at 50 (Thornton, J., concurring); see also S.           
          Comm. on the Judiciary, 79th Cong., Administrative Procedure Act            
          (Comm. Print 1945), reprinted in Administrative Procedure Act               
          Legislative History, 1944-46, at 11, 37 (1946); see also H. Rept.           
          1980, 79th Cong., 2d Sess. (1946), reprinted in the                         
          Administrative Procedure Act Legislative History, 1944-46, at               
          233, 276 (1946).  “When Congress enacted the APA to provide a               
          general authorization for review of agency action in the district           
          courts, it did not intend that general grant of jurisdiction to             
          duplicate the previously established special statutory procedures           
          relating to specific agencies.”  Bowen v. Massachusetts, 487 U.S.           
          879, 903 (1988).                                                            
               The Internal Revenue Code has long provided a specific                 
          statutory framework for reviewing determinations of the                     
          Commissioner.  Section 6330 is part and parcel of this statutory            
          framework.  The Court’s de novo review procedures emanate from              
          this framework.  The APA judicial review procedures do not                  
          supplant the Court’s longstanding de novo review procedures.                
          Thus, the Court’s de novo procedures are not limited by the APA.            
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