Zalman Melnik and Lea Melnik - Page 35

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                    5.  Testimony Regarding Business Purpose                          
               Each of the three witnesses testified regarding the alleged            
          business purposes for the creation of the foreign entities and              
          the sale of HouTex stock to Clend.  According to the witnesses,             
          the business purposes were to prevent Moshe’s ex-wife, Barbara,             
          from challenging the valuation of her HouTex stock in the divorce           
          proceeding, to address the long-held concerns of Moshe and Zalman           
          Melnik resulting from the fact that HouTex did not have a                   
          retirement plan, and to protect the proceeds of the HouTex stock            
          sale from claims under warranties the Melniks would have to give            
          to MMI.                                                                     
               The testimony regarding business purposes was not convincing           
          or credible.  The Melniks offered no evidence, other than their             
          own self-serving testimony, that they had had any concern                   
          regarding their retirement before the MMI proposal was made.  If            
          their testimony were true, we would have expected to see evidence           
          establishing that they had engaged in retirement planning in the            
          past or that HouTex had investigated the possibility of                     
          establishing a retirement plan before the MMI proposal was made.            
          No such evidence was offered, leading us to conclude that the               
          Melniks’ concern about retirement arose only when the Melniks               
          were faced with the prospect of a substantial windfall resulting            
          from the MMI proposal.                                                      







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