Appeal No. 95-0057
Application 07/775,114
pages 9-10]. This argument is completely unconvincing since the
examiner relies on Fuwa for this teaching. The references cannot
be attacked individually when the rejection is based upon a
combination of the references.
Appellants argue that there is no basis for combining the
teachings of Kemppi with Fuwa because Kemppi suggests no need for
accounting and Fuwa discloses no controlled access requirements
[brief, page 10]. We do not agree with this argument because
Fuwa does suggest that access would be controlled based on
whether the card is valid, whether the user is a registered
subscriber or whether the card has been lost or stolen. Thus,
Fuwa clearly suggests that telephone access and call accounting
should be combined in a single integrated circuit card. Fuwa
also clearly notes the deficiencies of conventional magnetic-type
credit cards, and suggests why an integrated circuit card would
be an improvement over such conventional cards. Thus, Fuwa also
provides a basis why any conventional credit card would be
replaced with a similar integrated circuit card.
Appellants argue that the “logic bus interface means” of
claim 1 must be construed in light of the specification and that
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