Ex parte SAWADA et al. - Page 7




          Appeal No. 98-2457                                                          
          Application No. 08/851,312                                                  


                    hot-plastic deformation is not clear from the                     
                    claims.                                                           
                         Regarding 2), in column 6, lines 4-12, Jin                   
                    et al. states that the composite body is                          
                    subjected to "slow cooling", and column 8, lines                  
                    33-37 state that the composite body is "furnace                   
                    cooled".  This demonstrates that Jin et al.                       
                    "controls" the cooling rate and recognizes that                   
                    rapid cooling and moderate cooling are to be                      
                    avoided.  Accordingly, a cooling rate of less                     
                    than 50EC/min is at least suggested by Jin et                     
                    al., because it would be difficult to cool the                    
                    composite body at a rate greater than 50EC/min                    
                    while it is within a "furnace".  Furthermore,                     
                    Example I in column 8 of Jin et al. implies that                  
                    the heating to 900EC and cooling to 600EC are                     
                    performed in the same furnace.  This also                         
                    indicates that the cooling rate is less than                      
                    50EC/min, because it appears to be physically                     
                    impossible to lower the temperature of the                        
                    furnace form [sic] 900EC to 600EC quick enough                    
                    such that the cooling rate of the composite body                  
                    would be greater than 50EC/mn [sic].                              
                    Alternatively, the exact cooling rate is deemed                   
                    to be a matter of design choice, because such                     
                    rate per se solves no stated problem nor serves                   
                    any apparent purpose.  The significance of                        
                    cooling the metal pipe at a rate of less than                     
                    50EC/mn [sic] is not clear from the claims.  For                  
                    analogous reasons, the subject matter of claim                    
                    92 is at least suggested by Jin et al.  It is                     
                    important to note that the claims do not require                  
                    that the cooling rate is "constant" over time.                    

                                                                                     





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