Ex parte PHAN et al. - Page 4




          Appeal No. 2000-0433                                                        
          Application 08/741,070                                                      


          1532, 28 USPQ2d 1955, 1956 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Oetiker,                 
          977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443,1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992).  A               
          prima facie case of obviousness is established by presenting                
          evidence indicating that the prior art teachings would have                 
          appeared sufficient for one of ordinary skill in the relevant               
          art having those teachings before him to make the proposed                  
          combination or other modification.  See In re Lintner, 458                  
          F.2d 1013, 1016, 173 USPQ 560, 562 (CCPA 1972).  Furthermore,               
          the conclusion that the claimed subject matter is prima facie               
          obvious must be supported by evidence, as shown by some                     
          objective teaching in the prior art or by knowledge generally               
          available to one of ordinary skill in the art that would have               
          led that individual to combine the relevant teachings of the                
          prior art to arrive at the claimed invention.  See In re Fine,              
          837 F.2d 1071, 1074, 5 USPQ2d 1596, 1598 (Fed. Cir. 1988), In               
          re Lalu, 747 F.2d 703, 705, 223 USPQ 1257, 1258 (Fed. Cir.                  
          1984).                                                                      
               Additionally, a rejection based on § 103 must rest on a                
          factual basis with these facts interpreted without hindsight                
          reconstruction of the invention from the prior art.  The                    


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