Appeal No. 1997-2097
Application No. 08/191,137
position stems, in part, from the fact that the examiner has
not pointed to any particularized teachings of the applied
references which would have supported the examiner's reasoning
and suggested that a skilled artisan would have been led
thereby to substitute a nickel layer obtained from an
electroless nickel bath for the copper layer of Klingenmaier
coupled with a substitution of an iron sulfate bath for the
iron chloride bath of Klingenmaier given Klingenmaier’s
particular interest in forming an iron plated aluminum alloy
that had the requisite properties, such as hardness, necessary
for an aluminum engine piston. We particularly note that the
examiner has not shown where Loch evidences any concern with a
process for forming an iron plated aluminum alloy, let alone
such a plated alloy that would have the requisite hardness
property of concern to Klingenmaier. Nor has the examiner
shown how Shemenski's teachings regarding the formation of a
ternary brass coated steel wire element for reinforcing rubber
articles or Herbert's concern with electrodepositing iron with
improved ferromagnetic properties would have been viewed by a
skilled artisan as suggesting an equivalence of iron baths for
the rather dissimilar process and product of Klingenmaier.
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