Ex Parte SHAIO et al - Page 6



          Appeal No. 1999-2380                                                        
          Application No. 08/575,743                                 Page 6           

          evidence.  Obviousness is then determined on the basis of the               
          evidence as a whole.  See id.; In re Hedges, 783 F.2d 1038, 1039,           
          228 USPQ 685, 686 (Fed. Cir. 1986); In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d                
          1468, 1472, 223 USPQ 785, 788 (Fed. Cir. 1984); and In re                   
          Rinehart, 531 F.2d 1048, 1052, 189 USPQ 143, 147 (CCPA 1976)                
               Before addressing the examiner's rejections based upon prior           
          art, it is an essential prerequisite that the claimed subject               
          matter be fully understood.  As stated by the court in In re                
          Hiniker Co., 150 F.3d 1362, 1369, 47 USPQ2d 1523, 1529 (Fed. Cir.           
          1998) "[t]he name of the game is the claim."  Analysis of whether           
          a claim is patentable over the prior art under 35 U.S.C. § 103              
          begins with a determination of the scope of the claim.  The                 
          properly interpreted claim must then be compared with the prior             
          art.  Claim interpretation must begin with the language of the              
          claim itself.  See Smithkline Diagnostics, Inc. v. Helena                   
          Laboratories Corp., 859 F.2d 878, 882, 8 USPQ2d 1468, 1472 (Fed.            
          Cir. 1988).  Accordingly, we will initially direct our attention            
          to appellants' claim 1 to derive an understanding of the scope              
          and content thereof.                                                        
               The examiner (answer, page 5) takes the position that                  
          because the alternative term "or" is used in claim 1, "the system           
          need only determine whether a packet is associated with a                   






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