ROSENTHAL v. MAGEE - Page 53




              Interference No. 104,403                                                                                     

                 failing to list  them as prior art.  Rosenthal further argues that the                                    
                 Rosenthal patents were the closest prior art to the invention of the                                      
                 Magee patent applications.                                                                                
                        A determination of whether there has been inequitable conduct is                                   
                 committed to our discretion.  Critikon, Inc. v. Becton Dickinson Vascular                                 
                 Access, 120 F.3d 1253, 1255, 43 USPQ2d 1666, 1668 (Fed. Cir. 1997).                                       
                 A party alleging inequitable conduct on the part of its opponent bears a                                  
                 burden of proving its case by clear and convincing evidence.  Refrac                                      
                 Int’l Ltd. v. Lotus Development Corp., 81 F.3d 1576, 1581, 38 USPQ2d                                      
                 1665, 1669 (Fed. Cir. 1996).                                                                              
                        “Inequitable conduct includes affirmative misrepresentations of a                                  
                 material fact, failure to disclose material information, or submission of                                 
                 false material information coupled with an intent to deceive.”                                            
                 PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. v. Pharmacia Biotech, Inc., 225 F.3d 1315,                                    
                 1318, 56 USPQ2d 1001, 1003 (Fed. Cir. 2000).                                                              
                        “Applied to patent prosecution, inequitable conduct or fraud                                       
                 requires (1) a false representation or deliberate omission of a fact                                      
                 material to patentability, (2) made with the intent to deceive the patent                                 
                 examiner, (3) on which the examiner justifiably relied in granting the                                    
                 patent, and which (4) but for which misrepresentation or deliberate                                       
                 omission the patent would not have been granted.”  C.R. Bard, Inc. v.                                     

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