Ex Parte Esser et al - Page 25


                Appeal 2006-3252                                                                                 
                Application 09/536,728                                                                           

           1    1427, 1430, 40 USPQ2d 1309, 1310 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ("Although the                                 
           2    motivation to combine here differs from that of the applicant, the motivation                    
           3    in the prior art to combine the references does not have to be identical to that                 
           4    of the applicant to establish obviousness."  See also In re Beattie, 974 F.2d                    
           5    1309, 1312, 24 USPQ2d 1040, 1042 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (the law does not                              
           6    require that the teachings of references be combined for the reasons                             
           7    contemplated by the inventor).                                                                   
           8           On several occasions, the Supreme Court has emphasized that the                           
           9    purpose of § 103 is to preclude removal of existent knowledge from the                           
          10    public domain.  Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 6 (1966).  Section                         
          11    103 permits free access to materials already available.  The Supreme Court                       
          12    reemphasized the point, albeit in somewhat of a different context involving                      
          13    preemption of state law protecting inventions, in Bonito Boats, Inc. v.                          
          14    Thunder Craft Boats, Inc., 489 U.S. 141, 146 (1989) (United States                               
          15    Government should not "authorize the issuance of patents whose effects are                       
          16    to remove existent knowledge from the public domain, or to restrict free                         
          17    access of materials already available.").  KSR again reemphasizes the point                      
          18    in a § 103 context by noting that a patent which withdraws what is already                       
          19    known into the field of its monopoly "diminishes the resources available to                      
          20    skillful men" quoting from Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. v. Supermarket                       
          21    Equipment Corp., 340 U.S. 147, 152 (1950).  127 S. Ct. at 1739.                                  
          22           What Esser seeks to do is remove from the public domain the right of                      
          23    the public to use for any purpose compounds that Olson suggests, including                       
          24    the use described and claimed by Olson.  But, for reasons given above, that                      
          25    use would have been obvious.  Consistent with Graham, Bonito Boats and                           

                                                       25                                                        

Page:  Previous  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  Next

Last modified: September 9, 2013