American Valmar International Ltd., Inc., et al. - Page 13

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            Respondent increased American Valmar’s gross income for the years                            
            in issue by the excess of the American Valmar deposits received                              
            during a year over purchases made and commissions earned during                              
            such year:  $1,426,653, $1,507,440, and $32,335, for 1991, 1992,                             
            and 1993, respectively (the excess amounts).                                                 
                  We have found that American Valmar had four customers during                           
            the years in issue:  Video Computer, Diapazon, Interrosa, and                                
            Kond Petroleum (the customers).  Petitioners claim that the                                  
            customers were the source of the American Valmar deposits and                                
            that, until expended on behalf of one of the customers or earned                             
            as a commission by American Valmar, the American Valmar deposits                             
            belonged to the customers.  Petitioners rely principally on the                              
            testimony of Markovski that American Valmar had liabilities to                               
            the customers for the unexpended balance of the American Valmar                              
            deposits.  Although petitioners did produce some correspondence                              
            with three of the customers, petitioners produced no written                                 
            agreements with any of them.  In its financial records, American                             
            Valmar did credit the American Valmar deposits to contracts                                  
            payable.  Video Computer is identified on some of the wire                                   
            transfers, but none of the other customers are.  No                                          
            representative of any of the customers testified.                                            
                  Petitioners explain their lack of documentary substantiation                           
            by explaining that it was the normal business practice for                                   
            business entities located in the former Soviet Union to deposit                              
            funds with foreign businesses without documentary evidence.                                  




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