Investment Research Associates - Page 423




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          that the long-term promissory notes executed by IRA in favor of              
          the leasing companies were fully satisfied.  The failure of IRA              
          to make a payment due on any of its long-term notes used for the             
          purported purchases of the equipment did not permit the                      
          respective lessees to stop paying rent for the equipment being               
          leased.                                                                      
               IRA, as owner/investor, could not transfer the equipment                
          without the prior consent of O.P.M., the leasing company.                    
          Additionally, IRA could not take any action which would result in            
          the imposition of a lien on the equipment without first securing             
          the consent of the senior lienholder.                                        
               The sale and leaseback transactions entered into by IRA were            
          simultaneous, prearranged, and interrelated.  IRA's required out-            
          of-pocket cash investment in its purchase and leaseback                      
          transactions was more than the rents to be received from the                 
          lessees.  IRA did not have a bona fide expectation that the                  
          equipment, in which it purportedly acquired an interest, would               
          have any significant residual value on the relevant deferral                 
          date.                                                                        
               The transactions between IRA, O.P.M., and FSC, including the            
          intermediaries and IRA, were simultaneous and interrelated. The              
          intermediaries served no valid business purpose in IRA's                     
          transactions with FSC and O.P.M.  Horizon, Pluto, Knight, and any            
          other intermediary were inserted into the transactions for the               






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Last modified: May 25, 2011