Estate of Wayne C. Bongard, Deceased, James A. Bernards, Personal Representative - Page 26

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          2036(a)(1) and principles under section 2036(a) that the Supreme            
          Count established in United States v. Byrum, supra, it also fails           
          to apply principles established by Minnesota law regarding the              
          fiduciary duties of the partners of partnerships and the trustees           
          of trusts, which the majority opinion acknowledges exist.19  This           
          is evidenced by the following passage from the majority opinion’s           
          rationale:                                                                  
                    The estate’s argument that the general partner’s                  
               fiduciary duties prevents a finding of an implied                      
               agreement is overcome by the lack of activity following                
               BFLP’s formation and BFLP’s failure to perform any                     
               meaningful functions as an entity.  We conclude that                   
               decedent’s transfer to BFLP for a 99-percent ownership                 
               interest in the partnership did not alter his control                  
               of the WCB Holdings class B membership units                           
               transferred to BFLP. * * *                                             

               19The majority opinion acknowledges:                                   
               Under Minnesota law, the relationship of partners is                   
               fiduciary in character, and each partner owes the other                
               partners the highest degree of integrity, loyalty, and                 
               good faith.  Prince v. Sonnesyn, 222 Minn. 528, 535                    
               (1946); Margeson v. Margeson, 376 N.W.2d 269 (Minn. Ct.                
               App. 1985).  In a limited partnership, a general                       
               partner can be liable to the limited partners for                      
               breach of fiduciary duty.  Minn. Stat. Ann. sec.                       
               322A.33 (West 2004); see also Minn. Stat. Ann. sec.                    
               323.20 (West 1995), repealed by Laws 1997, ch. 174,                    
               art. 12, sec. 68, effective Jan. 1, 2002, but replaced                 
               by Minn. Stat. Ann. secs. 323A.4-04 and 323A.4-05,                     
               effective Jan. 1, 1999 (West 2004).  In addition, the                  
               ISA Trust trustees owed fiduciary duties to its                        
               beneficiaries.  See Minn. Stat. Ann. sec. 501B.10                      
               (West. Supp. 1990), repealed by Laws 1996, ch. 314,                    
               sec. 8, eff. Jan. 1, 1997, replaced by Minn. Stat. Ann.                
               sec. 501B.151, effective Jan. 1, 1997 (West 2002 &                     
               Supp. 2004); Minn. Stat. Ann. sec. 501B.60 (West 1990).                
          Majority op. p. 59 note 12.                                                 




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