Robert Dallas - Page 19

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                         ii. Nammacher’s Testimony                                    
               Nammacher testified that:  (1) He has always tax-affected S            
          corporation income for the past 20 years;11 (2) an informal poll            
          at a recent conference showed 90 to 95 percent of responding                
          appraisers tax-affect S corporation income; (3) the American                
          Society of Appraisers (ASA) Board of Review rejects any                     
          application for certification if the candidate submits test                 
          answers or reports for review that do not tax-affect S                      
          corporation income; (4) his experience is that all bankers,                 
          investment bankers, and business brokers use tax-affecting in               
          estimating the value of S corporation stock; and (5) Empire uses            
          tax-affecting in valuing S corporation stock held by employee               
          stock ownership plans (ESOP) that it submits to the Department of           
          Labor.                                                                      
               We give little weight to Nammacher’s testimony about an                
          informal poll at an unidentified conference held on a date not              
          stated in the record.  Nammacher admitted that ASA has never                
          issued an official directive or recommendation on tax-affecting S           
          corporations’ earnings.                                                     
               Nammacher’s claim that ASA’s Board of Review rejects test              
          answers or reports by a candidate applying for ASA certification            


               11  Nammacher’s testimony about whether the tax-affecting              
          adjustment was based on individual or corporate income tax rates            
          was vague and suggests that Empire applied tax-affecting based on           
          C corporation income tax rates.                                             





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