Ex parte RAO et al. - Page 3




          Appeal No. 96-3202                                                          
          Application No. 08/183,464                                                  


                                     BACKGROUND                                       
               The appellants' invention relates to a low friction valve              
          train.  Claims 1, 14 and 20 are representative of the subject               
          matter on appeal and copies of those claims are attached to                 
          this decision.                                                              


               The prior art references of record relied upon by the                  
          examiner as evidence of obviousness under 35 U.S.C. § 103 are:              
          Melling                  3,303,833                     Feb. 14,             
          1967                                                                        
          Behnke                   4,153,017                     May   8,             
          1979                                                                        
          Buente                   4,367,701                     Jan. 11,             
          1983                                                                        
          Oda                      4,871,266                     Oct.  3,             
          1989                                                                        
          Rao et al.               4,872,432                     Oct. 10,             
          1989                                                                        
          (Rao)                                                                       
          Shiraya et al.                4,909,198                     Mar.            
          20, 1990                                                                    
          (Shiraya)                                                                   
          Allor et al.             4,995,281                     Feb. 26,             
          1991                                                                        
          (Allor)                                                                     
          Purnell et al.                5,041,168                     Aug.            
          20, 1991                                                                    
          (Purnell)                                                                   
          Tanaka et al.            2,242,240                     Sep. 25,             
          1991                                                                        
          (Tanaka)                 (UK)                                               

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