Ex parte MUKAWA - Page 6




                     Appeal No. 98-0599                                                                                                                                                
                     Application 08/434,029                                                                                                                                            

                                the recess portion has a diameter, and the diameter                                                                                                    
                                of the recess portion is smaller than the diameter                                                                                                     
                                of the annular rib.                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                   Opinion                                                                                             
                                We affirm the rejection of claims 31-34 and 36 and                                                                                                     
                     reverse the rejection of claim 35.                                                                                                                                
                                Our affirmance of the prior art rejection is based only                                                                                                
                     on the arguments presented by appellants in their briefs.                                                                                                         
                     Arguments not raised in the briefs are not before us, are not                                                                                                     
                     at issue, and are considered as waived.                                                                                                                           
                     The rejection of claims 31-34 and 36                                                                                                                              
                                Central to this rejection is the examiner’s conclusion                                                                                                 
                     that it would have been obvious to one with ordinary skill in                                                                                                     
                     the art, in light of Kato’s multi-member disk substrate                                                                                                           
                     including the disk 16 and the control ring 19, to form a                                                                                                          
                     single-piece substrate as is claimed by the appellant.                                                              2                                             
                     Citing Howard v. Detroit Stove Works, 150 U.S. 164 (1893), the                                                                                                    
                     examiner stated in the final Office action (Paper No. 24, at                                                                                                      
                     4):                                                                                                                                                               



                                2The examiner made clear his view that in the context                                                                                                  
                     of the rejection, the flange 18 of Kato is not regarded as a                                                                                                      
                     part of the substrate.  (Answer at page 9).                                                                                                                       
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