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Mussman for 1989. As to the remaining balance of the
expenditures NITCO made to Handlon & Handlon, petitioners have
failed to establish that these payments furthered NITCO's
interest and were of direct and substantial benefit to NITCO.
NITCO paid Handlon & Handlon $1,525.81 for work with respect
to Dial One USA and Intelcom, which were corporations that Mr.
Mussman owned. According to the 1988 application that Dial One
USA filed with the IURC in seeking authorization to sell long-
distance services, NITCO had no affiliation with Dial One USA and
Intelcom. Although Mr. Mussman, at trial, claimed that he later
planned to have Intelcom become the parent holding company of
Dial One USA and NITCO, we do not find his self-serving testimony
credible, as this testimony is inconsistent with the statements
made on Dial One USA's application to the IURC.
NITCO also paid Handlon & Handlon $234 for the incorporation
of Northwestern Indiana Cellular, a corporation formed to hold
various cellular telephone interests. On the record presented,
it is not clear whether Mr. Mussman intended that Northwestern
Indiana Cellular be owned by NITCO or by individual members of
the Mussman family. It is also not clear whether the cellular
telephone interests Mr. Mussman planned to have held by
Northwestern Indiana Cellular would be cellular telephone
interests that NITCO or individual members of the Mussman family
owned.
We hold that the entire $2,120.81 in the above payments that
NITCO made to Handlon & Handlon, including the $229 expended for
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