Code of Virginia - Title 18.2 Crimes And Offenses Generally - Chapter 6 Crimes Involving Fraud

18.2-168 Forging public records, etc
If any person forge a public record, or certificate, return, or attestation, of any public officer or public employee, in relation to any matter wherein ...
18.2-169 Forging, or keeping an instrument for forging, a seal
If any person forge, or keep or conceal any instrument for the purpose of forging, the seal of the Commonwealth, the seal of a court, ...
18.2-170 Forging coin or bank notes
If any person (1) forge any coin, note or bill current by law or usage in this Commonwealth or any note or bill of a ...
18.2-171 Making or having anything designed for forging any writing, etc
If any person engrave, stamp, or cast, or otherwise make or mend, any plate, block, press, or other thing, adapted and designed for the forging ...
18.2-172 Forging, uttering, etc., other writings
If any person forge any writing, other than such as is mentioned in §§ 18.2-168 and 18.2-170, to the prejudice of another's right, or utter, ...
18.2-172.1 Falsifying or altering and fraudulently using transcripts or diplomas; penalty
Any person who materially falsifies or alters a transcript or diploma from an institution of postsecondary education and fraudulently uses the same for pecuniary gain ...
18.2-172.2 Maliciously affixing another's signature to writing; penalty.
Any person who maliciously affixes a facsimile or likeness of the signature of another person to any writing without the permission of that person and ...
18.2-173 Having in possession forged coin or bank notes
If any person have in his possession forged bank notes or forged or base coin, such as are mentioned in § 18.2-170, knowing the same ...
18.2-174 Impersonating officer
Any person who shall falsely assume or exercise the functions, powers, duties and privileges incident to the office of sheriff, police officer, marshal, or other ...
18.2-174.1 Impersonating certain public safety personnel; penalty
Any person who willfully impersonates, with the intent to make another believe he is, a certified emergency medical services personnel, firefighter, including any special forest ...
18.2-175 Unlawful wearing of officer's uniform or insignia; unlawful use of vehicle with word "police" sho...
No person, not such an officer as is referred to in § 19.2-78, shall wear any such uniform as is designated pursuant to the provisions ...
18.2-176 Unauthorized wearing or displaying on motor vehicles of any button, insignia or emblem of certain a...
(a) No person shall wear the button or insignia of any order of police, trade union or veterans' organization or display upon a motor vehicle ...
18.2-177 Illegal use of insignia
Any person who shall willfully wear, exhibit, display, print, or use, for any purpose, the badge, motto, button, decoration, charm, emblem, rosette, or other insignia ...
18.2-178 Obtaining money or signature, etc., by false pretense
A. If any person obtain, by any false pretense or token, from any person, with intent to defraud, money, a gift certificate or other property ...
18.2-179 Unlawful operation of coin box telephone, parking meter, vending machine, etc
Any person who shall operate, cause to be operated, or attempt to operate or cause to be operated any coin box telephone, parking meter, vending ...
18.2-180 Manufacture, etc., of slugs, etc., for such unlawful use
Any person who, with intent to cheat or defraud the owner, lessee, licensee or other person entitled to the contents of any such coin box ...
18.2-181 Issuing bad checks, etc., larceny
Any person who, with intent to defraud, shall make or draw or utter or deliver any check, draft, or order for the payment of money, ...
18.2-181.1 Issuance of bad checks
It shall be a Class 6 felony for any person, within a period of ninety days, to issue two or more checks, drafts or orders ...
18.2-182 Issuing bad checks on behalf of business firm or corporation in payment of wages; penalty
Any person who shall make, draw, or utter, or deliver any check, draft, or order for the payment of money, upon any bank, banking institution, ...
18.2-182.1 Issuing bad checks in payment of taxes
Any person who shall make, draw, utter, or deliver two or more checks, drafts, or orders within a period of ninety days which have an ...
18.2-183 Issuance of bad check prima facie evidence of intent and knowledge; notice by certified or register...
In any prosecution or action under the preceding sections, the making or drawing or uttering or delivery of a check, draft, or order, payment of ...
18.2-184 Presumption as to notation attached to check, draft or order
In any prosecution or action under the preceding sections, any notation attached to or stamped upon a check, draft or order which is refused by ...
18.2-185 Evidence and presumptions in malicious prosecution actions after issuance of bad check
In any civil action growing out of an arrest under § 18.2-181 or § 18.2-182, no evidence of statements or representations as to the status ...
18.2-186 False statements to obtain property or credit
A. A person shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor if he makes, causes to be made or conspires to make directly, indirectly or ...
18.2-186.1 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1981, c. 255. ...
18.2-186.2 False statements or failure to disclose material facts in order to obtain aid or benefits under an...
Any person who (i) knowingly makes or causes to be made either directly or indirectly or through any agent or agency, any false statement in ...
18.2-186.3 Identity theft; penalty; restitution; victim assistance
A. It shall be unlawful for any person, without the authorization or permission of the person or persons who are the subjects of the identifying ...
18.2-186.3:1 Identity fraud; consumer reporting agencies; police reports
A. A consumer may report a case of identity theft to the law-enforcement agency in the jurisdiction where he resides. If a consumer, as defined ...
18.2-186.4 Use of a person's identity with the intent to coerce, intimidate, or harass; penalty
It shall be unlawful for any person, with the intent to coerce, intimidate, or harass another person, to publish the person's name or photograph along ...
18.2-186.5 Expungement of false identity information from police and court records; Identity Theft Passpor...
Any person whose name or other identification has been used without his consent or authorization by another person who has been charged or arrested using ...
18.2-186.6 Breach of personal information notification.
A. As used in this section: "Breach of the security of the system" means the unauthorized access and acquisition of unencrypted and unredacted computerized data ...
18.2-187 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1978, c. 807. ...
18.2-187.1 Obtaining or attempting to obtain oil, electric, gas, water, telephone, telegraph, cable televisio...
A. It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly, with the intent to defraud, to obtain or attempt to obtain, for himself or for another, ...
18.2-187.2 Audiovisual recording of motion pictures unlawful; penalty
A. It shall be unlawful for any person to operate an audiovisual recording function of a device in a commercial theater, excluding the lobby and ...
18.2-188 Defrauding hotels, motels, campgrounds, boardinghouses, etc
It shall be unlawful for any person, without paying therefor, and with the intent to cheat or defraud the owner or keeper to: 1. Put ...
18.2-188.1 Defrauding person having a lien on an animal; penalty
It shall be unlawful to remove or cause any horse or other animal to be removed from the possession of the owner or keeper of ...
18.2-189 Defrauding keeper of motor vehicles or watercraft
A person shall be guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor if he: 1. Stores a motor vehicle, boat or other watercraft with any person, firm ...
18.2-190 Fraudulent misrepresentation as to breed of bull or cattle
Any person who, in the sale, gift or transfer, of any bull or cattle, knowingly shall make any false representation that such bull is registered, ...
18.2-190.1 Definitions
As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning: "Electronic communication device" means (i) any type of instrument, device, machine, equipment or ...
18.2-190.2 Possession of an unlawful electronic communication device or equipment etc., used to manufacture su...
A person who knowingly possesses (i) an unlawful electronic communication device or (ii) equipment or materials used to manufacture an unlawful electronic communication device as ...
18.2-190.3 Sale of an unlawful electronic communication device; penalty
A person who (i) knowingly sells an unlawful electronic communication device or (ii) sells material, including hardware, data, computer software or other information or equipment, ...
18.2-190.4 Manufacture of an unlawful electronic communication device; penalty
A person who knowingly manufactures an unlawful electronic communication device shall be guilty of a Class 6 felony. (1993, c. 439; 1998, c. 518; 2002, ...
18.2-190.5 Separate offenses; penalty
For purposes of imposing criminal penalties for violations of §§ 18.2-190.3 and 18.2-190.4, the commission of the prohibited activity regarding each unlawful electronic communication device ...
18.2-190.6 Restitution
The court may, in addition to any other sentence authorized by law, require a person convicted of violating § 18.2-190.3 or § 18.2-190.4 to make ...
18.2-190.7 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 995. ...
18.2-190.8 Civil relief; damages
Any electronic communication service provider aggrieved by a violation of this article may seek both injunctive and equitable relief and an award of damages including ...
18.2-191 Definitions
The following words and phrases as used in this article, unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context, shall have the following meanings: ...
18.2-192 Credit card theft
(1) A person is guilty of credit card or credit card number theft when: (a) He takes, obtains or withholds a credit card or credit ...
18.2-193 Credit card forgery
(1) A person is guilty of credit card forgery when: (a) With intent to defraud a purported issuer, a person or organization providing money, goods, ...
18.2-194 Unauthorized possession of two or more signed credit cards or credit card numbers
When a person, other than the cardholder or a person authorized by him, possesses two or more credit cards which are signed or two or ...
18.2-195 Credit card fraud; conspiracy; penalties
(1) A person is guilty of credit card fraud when, with intent to defraud any person, he: (a) Uses for the purpose of obtaining money, ...
18.2-195.1 Credit card factoring
A. Any authorized person who presents to the issuer or acquirer for payment a credit card or credit card number transaction record of a sale ...
18.2-195.2 Fraudulent application for credit card; penalties
A. A person shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor if he makes, causes to be made or conspires to make, directly, indirectly or ...
18.2-196 Criminal possession of credit card forgery devices
(1) A person is guilty of criminal possession of credit card forgery devices when: (a) He is a person other than the cardholder and possesses ...
18.2-196.1 Unlawful use of payment card scanning devices and re-encoders; penalty
A. Any person who with malicious intent uses a scanning device or a re-encoder on the payment card of another without the permission of the ...
18.2-197 Criminally receiving goods and services fraudulently obtained
A person is guilty of criminally receiving goods and services fraudulently obtained when he receives money, goods, services or anything else of value obtained in ...
18.2-198 Obtaining airline, railroad, steamship, etc., ticket at discount price
A person who obtains at a discount price a ticket issued by an airline, railroad, steamship or other transportation company from other than an apparent ...
18.2-198.1 Venue
Notwithstanding the provisions of § 19.2-244, a prosecution for a violation of this article may be had in any county or city in which (i) ...
18.2-199 Penalties for violation of article
Persons violating any provision of this article for which no other specific punishment is provided for shall be guilty of a Class 6 felony. (Code ...
18.2-200 Failure to perform promise to deliver crop, etc., in return for advances
If any person obtain from another an advance of money, merchandise or other thing, upon a promise in writing that he will send or deliver ...
18.2-200.1 Failure to perform promise for construction, etc., in return for advances
If any person obtain from another an advance of money, merchandise or other thing, of value, with fraudulent intent, upon a promise to perform construction, ...
18.2-201 Advances secured by fraudulent promise to perform agricultural labor
If any person enter into a contract of employment, oral or written, for the performance of personal service to be rendered within one year, in ...
18.2-202 , 18.2-203
Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 459. ...
18.2-204 False statement for the purpose of defrauding industrial sick benefit company
Any agent, physician or other person who shall knowingly or willfully make any false or fraudulent statement or representation of any material fact: (1) In ...
18.2-204.1 Fraudulent use of birth certificates, etc.; penalty
A. It shall be unlawful for any person to obtain, possess, sell, or transfer the birth certificate of another for the purpose of establishing a ...
18.2-204.2 Manufacture, sale, etc., or possession of fictitious, facsimile or simulated official license or id...
A. It shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture, advertise for sale, sell or possess any fictitious, facsimile or simulated driver's license issued by ...
18.2-204.3 Transfers for the sole or primary purpose of obtaining a lower unemployment tax rate; penalty...
A. Any person who transfers or attempts to transfer any trade or business to another person, where the sole or primary purpose of the transfer ...
18.2-205 False pretense in obtaining registration of cattle and other animals and giving false pedigre...
Every person who by any false pretense shall obtain from any club, association, society or company for improving the breed of cattle, horses, sheep, swine ...
18.2-206 Procuring an animal, aircraft, vehicle or boat with intent to defraud
If any person procure any such animal, aircraft, vehicle, boat or vessel mentioned in § 18.2-149 by fraud or by misrepresenting himself as some other ...
18.2-207 Making false entry, etc., in marriage register, etc
If any clerk of a court, commissioner of the revenue, physician, surgeon, medical examiner or minister celebrating a marriage, or clerk or keeper of the ...
18.2-208 Making false statement, etc., for marriage record, etc
If any person, upon whose information or statement any record or registration may lawfully be made under Title 20 (§ 20-13 et seq.), knowingly give ...
18.2-209 False publications
Any person who knowingly and willfully states, delivers or transmits by any means whatever to any publisher, or employee of a publisher, of any newspaper, ...
18.2-209.1 Penalties for false certificate or failure to give bond
A. If any clerk make a certificate as to any bond of a special commissioner appointed under Article 11 (§ 8.01-96 et seq.) of Chapter ...
18.2-209.2 Failure of clerk to give notice of appointment of special commissioner to collect purchase money o...
If any clerk fail to give notice as required by § 8.01-103 of a special commissioner, he shall be guilty of a Class 4 misdemeanor. ...
18.2-210 Stamping, etc., on newspapers, any word, etc., to cause belief it was done by publisher; circulatin...
No person, without first obtaining the consent of the publisher so to do, shall affix to, or place or insert in, or print, stamp or ...
18.2-211 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 459. ...
18.2-212 Calling or summoning ambulance or fire-fighting apparatus without just cause; maliciously activatin...
A. Any person who without just cause therefor, calls or summons, by telephone or otherwise, any ambulance, or fire-fighting apparatus, or any person who maliciously ...
18.2-212.1 Unlawful for person not blind or incapacitated to carry white, white tipped with red or metallic ca...
It is unlawful for any person, unless totally or partially blind or otherwise incapacitated, while on any public street or highway to carry in a ...
18.2-213 Simulation of warrants, processes, writs and notices
Any person who, for the purpose of collecting money, shall knowingly deliver, mail, send or otherwise use or cause to be used any paper or ...
18.2-213.1 Obtaining certification as small, women- or minority-owned business, or disadvantaged business ente...
A. Except as otherwise provided by § 18.2-498.3, a person shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor if, in the course of business, he: ...
18.2-214 Changing or removing, etc., trademarks, identification marks, etc
Any person, firm, association or corporation who or which intentionally removes, defaces, alters, changes, destroys or obliterates in any manner or way or who causes ...
18.2-214.1 Penalties for failure to report removal or alteration of identification or serial number on busines...
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association, or corporation regularly engaged in the business of repairing, selling, renting or leasing of business machines ...
18.2-215 Removal or alteration of identification numbers on household electrical appliances; possession of s...
No person, firm, association or corporation, either individually or in association with one or more other persons, firms, associations or corporations shall remove, change or ...
18.2-216 Untrue, deceptive or misleading advertising, inducements, writings or documents
Any person, firm, corporation or association who, with intent to sell or in anywise dispose of merchandise, securities, service or anything offered by such person, ...
18.2-216.1 Unauthorized use of name or picture of any person; punishment
A person, firm, or corporation that knowingly uses for advertising purposes, or for the purpose of trade, the name, portrait, or picture of any person ...
18.2-217 Advertising merchandise, etc., for sale with intent not to sell at price or terms advertised; prim...
(a) Any person, firm, corporation or association who in any manner advertises or offers for sale to the public any merchandise, goods, commodity, service or ...
18.2-218 Failure to indicate goods, etc., are "seconds," "irregulars," "secondhand," etc
Any person, firm, corporation or association who in any manner knowingly advertises or offers for sale to the public any merchandise, goods, commodity or thing ...
18.2-219 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 1992, c. 768. ...
18.2-220 Use of word "wholesale" or "wholesaler."
Any person, firm, corporation or association who in any manner in any advertisement or offer for sale to the public of any merchandise, goods, commodity ...
18.2-221 Advertising new or used automobiles or trucks
Any person, firm, corporation or association engaged in selling new or used automobiles or trucks to the public shall be guilty of a Class 2 ...
18.2-222 Misrepresentation as to source of merchandise; penalty
No person, firm, corporation or association selling or offering for sale any article or merchandise, shall in any manner represent, contrary to fact, that the ...
18.2-223 "Going out of business" sales; permit required
It shall be unlawful for any person to advertise, or conduct, a sale for the purpose of discontinuing a retail business, or to modify the ...
18.2-224 "Going out of business" sales; counties, cities and towns to issue permits; inspections; applicat...
Every county, town and city shall issue permits to retail merchants for special sales as required by § 18.2-223 upon the application of such merchant ...
18.2-225 Misrepresentations as to agricultural products
Misrepresentation by advertising in the press or by radio or by television, or misrepresentation by letter, statement, mark representing grade, quality or condition, label or ...
18.2-226 Fraud and misrepresentation in sale of liquid fuels, lubricating oils and similar product...
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association or corporation, to store, sell, expose for sale or offer for sale any liquid fuels, lubricating ...
18.2-227 Same; sale from pump indicating other brand
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association or corporation to store, keep, expose for sale, offer for sale or sell, from any tank ...
18.2-228 Same; imitating indicia of other brands
It shall be unlawful, for any person, firm, association or corporation to disguise or camouflage his or their own equipment by imitating the design, symbol ...
18.2-229 Same; false trade name or mixing brands
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association or corporation to expose for sale, offer for sale or sell, under any trademark or trade ...
18.2-230 Same; assisting in violation of {{ 18.2-226 through 18.2-229
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association or corporation to aid or assist any other person, firm, association or corporation in the violation ...
18.2-231 Same; label required
There shall be firmly attached to or painted at or near the point of outlet from which lubricating oil is drawn or poured out for ...
18.2-232 Same; punishment for violation of {{ 18.2-226 through 18.2-231
Any person, firm, association or corporation or any officer, agent or employee thereof who shall violate any provision of §§ 18.2-226 through 18.2-231, shall be ...
18.2-233 Sale of goods marked "sterling" and "sterling silver."
A person who makes or sells or offers to sell or dispose of or has in his possession with intent to sell or dispose of ...
18.2-234 Sale of goods marked "coin" and "coin silver."
A person who makes or sells or offers to sell or dispose of, or has in his possession with intent to sell or dispose of, ...
18.2-235 Regulating sale of merchandise made of gold
Any person who marks or sells or offers to sell or dispose of or has in his possession with intent to sell or dispose of ...
18.2-236 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 2006, cc. 392 and 485, cl. 2, effective July 1, 2006. ...
18.2-237 Buying, etc., certain secondhand materials; intent; possession
If any person buy or receive secondhand grate baskets, keys, bells and bell fixtures, gas fixtures, water fixtures, water pipes, gas pipes, or any part ...
18.2-238 Buying, etc., pig iron, etc., with intent to defraud; possession; evidence of intent
If any person buy or receive pig iron or railroad, telephone, telegraph, coal mining, industrial, manufacturing or public utility iron, brass, copper, metal or any ...
18.2-239 Pyramid promotional schemes; misdemeanor; definitions; contracts void
Every person who contrives, prepares, sets up, operates, advertises or promotes any pyramid promotional scheme shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. For the ...
18.2-240 Same; injunction
Any attorney for the Commonwealth may petition a court of competent jurisdiction to enjoin the further prosecution of any pyramid promotional scheme as defined in ...
18.2-241 Acceptance of promissory notes in payment for food sold at retail
As used in this section, "food" includes food, groceries and beverages, for human consumption. "Retailer" means a person who sells food for consumption and not ...
18.2-242 Use of games, lotteries, etc., for promoting sale of certain products
(a) No retail establishment in this Commonwealth shall use any game, contest, lottery or other scheme or device, whereby a person or persons may receive ...
18.2-242.1 Certain referral transactions in connection with consumer sales or leases prohibited; effect of suc...
(a) For the purpose of this section, the term "consumer sale or lease of goods or services" means the sale or lease of goods or ...
18.2-243 When issuer or distributor of advertisements not guilty of violation; inadvertent error
A person, firm, corporation or association who or which, for compensation, issues or distributes any advertisement or offer, written, printed, oral or otherwise, in reliance ...
18.2-244 Right to select clientele or customers not affected
Nothing in this article shall be deemed to impair the right of any person, firm, corporation or association to select its clientele or customers. (Code ...
18.2-245 Enjoining violation of this article
(a) Any person, firm, corporation or association who violates any one or more of the sections in this article, may be enjoined by any court ...
18.2-246 Penalty in general for violations
Unless otherwise provided, any person who shall violate any provision of any section in this article shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. (Code ...
18.2-246.1 Title
This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Virginia Comprehensive Money Laundering Act." (1999, c. 348.) ...
18.2-246.2 Definitions
"Conduct" or "conducts" includes initiating, concluding, participating in, or assisting in a financial transaction. "Financial transaction" means any purchase, sale, trade, loan, pledge, investment, gift, ...
18.2-246.3 Money laundering; penalties
A. It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to conduct a financial transaction where the person knows the property involved in the transaction represents ...
18.2-246.4 Description unavailable
Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 995. ...
18.2-246.5 Forfeiture of business license or registration upon conviction of sale or distribution of imitatio...
Any person, firm or corporation holding a license or registration to operate any business as required by either state or local law shall forfeit such ...
18.2-246.6 Definitions
For purposes of this article: "Adult" means a person who is at least the legal minimum purchasing age. "Board" means the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control ...
18.2-246.7 Requirements for delivery sales
A. No person shall make a delivery sale of cigarettes to any individual who is under the legal minimum purchase age in the Commonwealth. B. ...
18.2-246.8 Age verification requirements
A. No person shall mail, ship, or otherwise deliver cigarettes in connection with a delivery sale unless prior to the first delivery sale to a ...
18.2-246.9 Disclosure requirements
The notice required under subdivision A 3 of § 18.2-246.8 shall include: 1. A prominent and clearly legible statement that cigarette sales to consumers below ...
18.2-246.10 Shipping requirements
Each person who mails, ships, or otherwise delivers cigarettes in connection with a delivery sale: 1. Shall include as part of the shipping documents a ...
18.2-246.11 Registration and reporting requirements
A. Prior to making delivery sales or mailing, shipping, or otherwise delivering cigarettes in connection with any such delivery sales, every person shall file with ...
18.2-246.12 Collection of taxes
Each person accepting a purchase order for a delivery sale shall collect and remit to the Board all cigarette taxes imposed by the Commonwealth with ...
18.2-246.13 Penalties
A. Except as specifically provided in § 18.2-246.14, a first violation of any provision of this article shall be punishable by a civil penalty of ...
18.2-246.14 Counterfeit cigarettes
A. It shall be unlawful to sell or possess counterfeit cigarettes. B. Any person who knowingly violates subsection A with a total quantity of less ...
18.2-246.15 Enforcement
The Attorney General is authorized to enforce the provisions of this article. The Attorney General may bring an action in the appropriate court in the ...

Last modified: April 3, 2009