Ex parte TOGNAZZINI - Page 7




          Appeal No. 1998-2372                                       Page 7           
          Application No. 08/639,815                                                  


          stored information about a time zone boundary ...."                         
          Accordingly, claims 1, 2, 8-11, and 14 require storing                      
          information about time zone boundaries.                                     


               The examiner fails to show a suggestion of the                         
          limitations in the prior art.  “Obviousness may not be                      
          established using hindsight or in view of the teachings or                  
          suggestions of the inventor.”  Para-Ordnance Mfg. v. SGS                    
          Importers Int’l, 73 F.3d 1085, 1087, 37 USPQ2d 1237, 1239                   
          (Fed. Cir. 1995)(citing W.L. Gore & Assocs., Inc. v. Garlock,               
          Inc., 721 F.2d 1540, 1551, 1553, 220 USPQ 303, 311, 312-13                  
          (Fed. Cir. 1983)).  “It is impermissible to use the claimed                 
          invention as an instruction manual or ‘template’ to piece                   
          together the teachings of the prior art so that the claimed                 
          invention is rendered obvious.”                                             
          In re Fritch, 972 F.2d 1260, 1266, 23 USPQ2d 1780, 1784 (Fed.               
          Cir. 1992) (citing In re Gorman, 933 F.2d 982, 987, 18 USPQ2d               
          1885, 1888 (Fed. Cir. 1991)).  “The mere fact that the prior                
          art may be modified in the manner suggested by the Examiner                 
          does not make the modification obvious unless the prior art                 
          suggested the desirability of the modification.” Id. at 1266,               







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