Ex parte LINDSTROM - Page 5




          Appeal No. 1997-2986                                                        
          Application No. 08/260,784                                                  


          C.  The references and ground of rejection                                  
               The references relied on by the examiner are:                          
          Levine                        4,554,635                Nov. 19,             
          1985                                                                        
          Taijonlahti et al.                 5,317,516                May             
          31, 1994                                                                    
          (Taijonlahti)                                                               

               Claims 1-6, 11-16, and 20-23 stand rejected under 35                   
          U.S.C. § 103 as unpatentable for obviousness over Levine in                 
          view of Taijonlahti.                                                        
          D.  The level of skill in the art                                           
               The level of skill in the art is represented by the                    
          references.  See In re Oelrich, 579 F.2d 86, 91, 198 USPQ 210,              
          214 (CCPA 1978) ("the PTO usually must evaluate both the scope              
          and content of the prior art and the level of ordinary skill                
          solely on the cold words of the literature"); In re GPAC Inc.,              
          57 F.3d 1573, 1579, 35 USPQ2d 1116, 1121 (Fed. Cir. 1995)                   
          (Board did not err in adopting the approach that the level of               
          skill in the art was best determined by the references of                   
          record).                                                                    
          E.  Appellant's burden of persuasion on appeal                              



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