Appeal No. 1999-2683 Application 08/754,564 must teach the invention. Since there is no evidence that one of ordinary skill in the art was aware that the layer 24 should function as an etch stop layer, it cannot be said that the prior art enables those of ordinary skill in the art to make a semiconductor device with an etch stop layer. Second, we find no motivation for one of ordinary skill in the art to modify Tsu to have a silicon nitride etch stop layer as taught in Kalnitsky. Lack of motivation may preclude a prima facie case of obviousness. The Examiner modifies the material of layer 24 based on an etch stop property that is not known, but that the Examiner considers inherent. This modification based on an unknown, but inherent property (assuming it were so) is not proper. See In re Spormann, 363 F.2d 444, 448, 150 USPQ 449, 452 (CCPA 1966) ("That which may be inherent is not necessarily known. Obviousness cannot be predicated on what is unknown."). If one skilled in the art did not recognize that the layer 24 in Tsu should be an etch stop layer, he or she would not have been motivated to substitute a real etch stop layer, such as the silicon nitride layer of Kalnitsky. As to the Examiner's finding that one of ordinary skill in the art would have been motivated to arrive - 10 -Page: Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 NextLast modified: November 3, 2007