Ex Parte Irvin et al - Page 8



            Appeal 2007-0277                                                                                 
            Application 10/270,236                                                                           

                   • “This [local interference] can reduce the accuracy of the coordinates                   
                   derived by the GPS receiver by several hundred meters.”  P. 1, l. 31 – p. 2, l.           
                   1.                                                                                        
                   • “… the range of error represents how far a later-derived GPS                            
                   coordinate can be from the initial position without generating a warning.”  P.            
                   4, ll. 30-31.                                                                             
                   • “GPS receiver 102 selects the best combination of available GPS                         
                   signals from the satellite network and derives/calculates the resulting GPS               
                   coordinates of interference detector 100.”  P. 5, ll. 5-7.                                
            6. The “expected GPS parameter” is one which “can be entered manually or                         
            computed automatically from known or calibrated information and stored in                        
            appropriate memory in either or both of the interference detector 100 or the                     
            monitoring unit 200.”  Specification, p. 6, ll. 26-28.                                           
            Obviousness                                                                                      
            7.  The Examiner found that:                                                                     
                   [C]olumn 5, lines 3-11 and column 6, lines 32-37 of the Huston et al                      
                   reference teach a method for detecting errors in GPS accuracy comprising                  
                   the steps of receiving GPS-related data at a marker (see the GPS receiver),               
                   calculating at least one derived GPS parameter (see apparent range of GPS                 
                   receiver position) and comparing the at least one derived GPS parameter                   
                   with the expected parameter (see the estimated range) to determine the error              
                   in GPS accuracy. Further the derived GPS parameter and the expected GPS                   
                   parameter used in the comparing step in Huston et al is a satellite                       
                   pseudorange (see col. 6, lines 33-34) and as such meets the “at least one of”             
                   limitation as required in claim 13.                                                       
            Answer 4.                                                                                        
            8.  Column 5, lines 3-11 of Huston read as follows:                                              
                         [The method of calibrating a GPS satellite range signal for errors,                 
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