Ex parte CASAL et al. - Page 9




          Appeal No. 1998-1365                                       Page 9           
          Application No. 08/663,969                                                  


          generat[es] a correction signal proportional to the detected                
          phase error.  The generated correction signal is applied to a               
          control voltage input of the local clock oscillator for                     
          adjusting the frequency thereof ....”  Id. at ll. 50-55.  By                
          detecting the phase error between the local and remote clock                
          signals, the reference determines the alignment between the                 
          local clock signal and the remote clock signal, the latter                  
          which serves as a reference clock signal.                                   


               Marshall not only teaches determining alignment between a              
          clock signal and a reference clock signal, but also teaches                 
          determining the alignment by counting the number of cycles of               
          the clock signal occurring in a predetermined period of time.               
          The reference’s local clock signal is also called a “phase                  
          increment signal.”  Col. 2, l. 35.  Marshall’s phase                        
          difference counter receives the remote clock signal and the                 
          phase increment signal.  Col. 7, ll. 1-2.  It responsively                  
          “generat[es] a count value corresponding to the number of                   
          cycles of said phase increment signal received during each                  
          received cycle of said remote clock signal ....”  Id. at ll.                
          2-5.  By generating a count value corresponding to the number               







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