Ex Parte ZURAWSKI et al - Page 11



          Appeal No. 2001-0651                                                        
          Application 08/134,187                                                      

          permit inquiry into other areas where one of even limited                   
          technical skill would have been aware that similar problems                 
          exist.  See In re Heldt, 433 F.2d 808, 812, 167 USPQ 676, 679               
          (CCPA 1970).                                                                

          In our evaluation of the applied prior art, we have                         
          considered all of the disclosure of the respective relied upon              
          prior art for what it fairly teaches one having ordinary skill in           
          the art.  See In re Boe, 355 F.2d 961, 965, 148 USPQ 507, 510               
          (CCPA 1966).  Further, we have taken into account not only the              
          specific teachings of the prior art relied upon, but also the               
          inferences which one skilled in the art would reasonably be                 
          expected to draw from each disclosure.  See In re Preda, 401 F.2d           
          825, 826, 159 USPQ 342, 344 (CCPA 1968).  In this regard, we note           
          that we have presumed skill on the part of the artisan practicing           
          the art here involved, rather than the converse.  See In re                 
          Sovish, 769 F.2d 738, 742, 226 USPQ 771, 774 (Fed. Cir. 1985).              

          In considering the examiner’s rejection of claim 1 we have                  
          relied upon the collective teachings of the applied prior art               
          references to Copley and Bradshaw and, based on such teachings,             
          must agree with the examiner that it would have been obvious to             
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