Northwestern Indiana Telephone Company - Page 57

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                  In our findings, we have made certain adjustments to reflect                         
            what NITCO's net liquid assets would have been (i.e., its true                             
            dividend-paying capacity), during the years in issue, if NITCO                             
            had not made certain nonbusiness-related payments to benefit the                           
            individual Mussman family members.11  These expenditures did not                           
            further NITCO's business interests and were not of substantial                             
            and direct benefit to NITCO.                                                               
                  Petitioners' arguments in this connection misapply and                               
            misinterpret the pertinent case law.  NITCO's remaining net                                
            liquid assets do not reflect its true dividend-paying capacity                             
            because of substantial nonbusiness-related expenditures it made.                           
            Indeed, many of these expenditures may have been constructive                              
            dividends to Mr. Mussman.  These expenditures do not represent                             
            translations of NITCO's accumulated earnings into assets related                           
            to the conduct of NITCO's business.  Cf. Smoot Sand & Gravel                               


            11Petitioners, on the other hand, contend that for 1987,                                   
            1988, and 1989, NITCO's net liquid assets were as follows:                                 
            Year      Net Liquid Assets                                                                
            1987         $3,190,325                                                                    
            1988          4,251,470                                                                    
            1989          3,991,669                                                                    
            We note that even these respective amounts of net liquid assets                            
            well exceed the current earnings that NITCO accumulated during                             
            each of these years.  We are further aware that to the extent we                           
            sustain respondent's determinations with respect to the Mussmans'                          
            having constructive dividend income for the years in issue, there                          
            will be a resulting decrease in NITCO's accumulated taxable                                
            income and current earnings.  See secs. 535(a), (c)(1);                                    
            301(c)(1); 316(a).                                                                         




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